Brazil’s economic growth and real (div)convergence from a very long-term perspective (1822-2019): An historical appraisal

ABSTRACT The reconstruction of the economic history Brazil since independence from Portugal (1822) may lead to a new understanding its growth. deep-rooted idea that could have done better means there is need delve into each phase development. In this paper, we provide very long-run perspective (1822-2019) Brazil’s growth and process real convergence. On one hand, review indicates structural changes observed in middle 20th century were crucial promoting country’s convergence with technologically advanced countries. other poor institutional conditions deficient human capital formation emerged colonial times as critical factors underlying inability establish robust sustainable